Review Article

The role of stem cells in oral bone regeneration

Garyfallia Kremmyda^1,2

1. Private practice dentistry, Athens, Greece
2. Postgraduate program of Metabolic Bone Diseases, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece

---

Keywords: Bone defects, Bone regeneration, Stem cells

---

Abstract

Oral bone regeneration has revolutionized implant dentistry by enhancing both the quantity and quality of the available bone, ultimately leading to improved treatment outcomes. In recent years, the use of stem cells for regenerative purposes has shown promising results. The aim of this study was to review the current literature concerning the clinical applications of Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) and/or Adipose Stem Cells (ASCs), for the treatment of oral osseous defects. An electronic search of Ovid Medline database was conducted. All types of human studies that applied MSCs and/or ASCs for implant site development were included. Pre-clinical and in vitro studies were excluded. Out of the initial 282 identified records, 22 were considered for inclusion. Even though most reports showed some benefit after the use of MSCs/ASCs, the review indicated that there is lack of consensus, regarding the methodology and the outcomes assessment. The clinical significance and the feasibility should be further studied with standardized techniques.

---